Desarrollo y cambios con la edad en el tubo digestivo, hígado y páncreas / Digestive tract, liver and pancreas: development and changes with age

An adequate functioning of the digestive tract, liver and pancreas is fundamental to providing the organism with the necessary conditions for its development and maintaining its digestive and systemic homeostasis. Life expectancy has increased, it is estimated that adults over 65 years old by 2050, will represent 25% of the local population. The morphological and functional changes associated with aging in the digestive system, liver and pancreas are modest except for those that occur in the microbiota. Recently it has been possible to establish the contribution of the microbiota to life expectancy and establish a link between gastrointestinal microbiota, inflammation associated with aging (inflammaging) and survival. This represents a shift in the paradigm of our understanding physiology, chronic diseases, neoplasms and for the development of new therapies.

Un adecuado funcionamiento del tubo digestivo, hígado y páncreas es fundamental para poder brindar al organismo las condiciones necesarias para su desarrollo y mantener su homeostasis digestiva y sistémica. La expectativa de vida se ha incrementado, estimándose a nivel nacional que para el año 2050 los adultos mayores de 65 años representarán el 25% de la población. Los cambios morfológicos y funcionales asociados al envejecimiento en el aparato digestivo, hígado y páncreas son modestos a excepción, de los que se producen en la microbiota. Recientemente se ha podido establecer la contribución de la microbiota a la esperanza de vida y establecer un nexo entre microbiota gastrointestinal, inflamación asociada al envejecimiento y sobrevida. Esto representa un cambio en el paradigma sobre cómo comprendemos la fisiología, las patologías crónicas, neoplásicas y en el desarrollo de nuevas terapias.

[Isolated tuberculosis of pancreas and peripancreatic lymph nodes: diagnosis challenge]

Isolated tuberculosis of pancreas and peripancreatic lymphnodes is very rare and difficult to recognise. It may mimic pseudocyst, cystic tumor or carcinoma of pancreas and lead to unusefull and potentially morbid surgery. We report 3 cases diagnosed in peropeative and postoperative situations. Thirty four- year-old and 50-year-old women presented with obstructive jaundice. Abdominal CT scan showed resecable head of pancreas tumour. In first patient, peroperative biopsies suggested tuberculosis and resection was avoided. The second patient underwent Whipple procedure. Third case was a 48-year-old alcoholic man who presented with recent history of painful mass of left hypochondre. Cystic tumor of pancreas tail and pseudocyst were suggested in CT scan. En bloc resection of tumor, pancreas tail and spleen was performed. The three patients had antitubercular therapy after histological confirmation of pancreatic tuberculosis. Follow-up is respectively 3 years, 5 months and 2 years free of recurrence. Radio or echoendoscopical fine needle ponction can contribute to the diagnosis. Surgery remains the main treatment of complications [fistulas, bleedings, obstructions] and the last diagnosis option. Tuberculous origin of an isolated pancreatic mass may be suspected in young people and immunocompromised especially in endemic areas

Establishment of an infected necrotizing pancreatitis model by retrograde pancreatic duct injection of sodium taurocholate and E. coli in rats / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

A stable and reliable infected necrotizing pancreatitis (INP) model in rats was established in order to study the pathophysiological mechanism and pathological development rule of INP and explore the new therapeutic methods for the diseases. Forty-six SD rats were randomly divided into 5 groups. The animals in group A received the injection of 5% sodium taurocholate into the pancreatic duct and those in group B underwent that of E. coli into the pancreatic duct. The rats in groups C, D and E were subjected to the injection of 5% sodium taurocholate in combination with different concentrations of E. coli (10(3), 10(4), 10(5)/mL, respectively) into the pancreatic duct. The dose of injection was 0.1 mL/100 g and the velocity of injection was 0.2 mL/min in all the 5 groups. Eight h after the injection, the survival rate of animals was recorded and the surviving rats were killed to determine the serum content of amylase and perform pathological examination and germ cultivation of the pancreatic tissue. The results showed that acute necrotizing pancreatitis model was induced by injection of 5% sodium taurocholate into the pancreatic duct. The positive rate of germ cultivation in group A was 12.5%. The acute necrotizing pancreatitis model was not induced by injection of E. coli into the pancreatic duct and the positive rate of germ cultivation in group B was 0. The INP model was established in groups C to E. The positive rate of germ cultivation was 60%, 100% and 100% and 8-h survival rate 100%, 100% and 70% in groups C, D and E, respectively. It was concluded that a stable and reliable model of INP was established by injection of 5% sodium taurocholate in combination with 10(4)/mL E. coli into the pancreatic duct with a dose of 0.1 mL/100 g and a velocity of 0.2 mL/min. The pathogenesis of INP might be that the hemorrhage and necrosis of pancreatic tissue induced by sodium taurocholate results in weakness of pancreatic tissue in fighting against the germs. Meanwhile, the necrotic pancreatic tissue provides a good proliferative environment for the germs.

Translocaçäo bacteriana na pancreatite aguda: estudo experimental em ratos / Bacterial translocation during acute pancreatitis in rats

O intestino tem sido responsabilizado como fonte de infecçäo na pancreatite aguda. A translocaçäo bacteriana para linfonodos mesentericos, pancreas cavidade e sangue foi analisada com 6 h, 24 h, 48 h e 96 h após induçäo de pancreatite aguda näo letal em 90 ratos Wistar. Observou-se crescimento bacteriano em 60 por cento (6 h), 90 por cento (24 h), 70 por cento (48 h) e 40 por cento (96 h) dos linfonodos mesentericos (p<0,05). Os pâncreas foram colonizados em 67 por cento (6 h), 90 por cento (24 h), 50 por cento (48 h) e 40 por cento (96 h) (p<0,05). As bactérias Gram-positivas foram mais frequentes que as Gram-negativas no periodo de 6 h, enquanto que, as bactérias Gram-negativas predominaram no periodo de 24 a 96 horas. A bacteria isolada mais frequentemente foi a Escherichia coli. Näo houve aumento da populaçäo bacteriana cecal...

Hantaanvirus among urban rats from a slum area in Bangkok.

A total of 106 rodents sera from slum Wat Phai Ton and slum Klong Toey were examined by immunofluorescent antibody assay during May to August 1990. The positive sera were further tested by plaque reduction neutralization test with the prototype hantaanvirus and the rat-associated hantaan like virus. Isolation attempts were also performed from their tissues. Antibody-positive rats were found in both slum areas, 32.7% in slum Wat Phai Ton and 5.6% in slum Klong Toey. Rattus norvegicus was the major species found positive. Positive plaque reduction neutralization results indicated that the infecting virus was antigenically similar to the strain of rat-associated hantaanvirus. The presence of low titer antibodies (IFA titer 32 to 128) may be an obstacle to isolation of associated virus using tissue culture.